{"id":5673,"date":"2020-09-14T17:16:10","date_gmt":"2020-09-14T15:16:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.asleman.org\/?post_type=60_secondes&amp;p=5673"},"modified":"2020-09-14T17:16:10","modified_gmt":"2020-09-14T15:16:10","slug":"n53-la-pollution-plastique-dans-le-leman","status":"publish","type":"60_secondes","link":"https:\/\/asleman.org\/en\/60_secondes\/n53-la-pollution-plastique-dans-le-leman\/","title":{"rendered":"No. 53: Plastic pollution in Lake Geneva"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Plastic pollution of water is now a global problem that needs to be better understood, in order to find ways of \ud835\uddfa\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude02\ud835\ude05 \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddfc\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf2\u0301\ud835\uddf4\ud835\uddf2\ud835\uddff \ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddf2\u0301\ud835\uddf0\ud835\uddfc\ud835\ude00\ud835\ude06\ud835\ude00\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf2\u0300\ud835\uddfa\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddee\ud835\uddfe\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddee\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfe\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude01 \ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddfc\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\ude00\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddfb\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf2\u0301. Lake Geneva is no exception to this type of pollution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This is why the ASL wanted to find out more and in 2018 commissioned Dr Julien Boucher, a specialist in this field, to carry out \ud835\ude02\ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddfa\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf2\u0301\ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf6\ud835\ude00\ud835\uddee\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddfb \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddf3\ud835\uddf9\ud835\ude02\ud835\ude05 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddee\ud835\ude00\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfe\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddfb\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddf0. The study, conducted in partnership with an EPFL team led by Luiz Felippe de Alencastro, identified \ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00 \ud835\ude00\ud835\uddfc\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddf0\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddfa\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddf7\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddf3\ud835\uddf9\ud835\ude02\ud835\ude05 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddee\ud835\ude00\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfe\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddf2 : storm overflows, runoff and direct discharges would be \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddf0\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddee\ud835\ude02\ud835\ude05 \ud835\uddff\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00\ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddfb\ud835\ude00\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddef\ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/dev.asleman.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Macro-Micro-Nano_logo-729x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5675\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Through these various means, \ud835\uddf2\ud835\uddfb\ud835\ude03\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddfb \ud835\udff1\ud835\udfec \ud835\ude01\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddee\ud835\ude00\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfe\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddf3\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddf6\ud835\ude00\ud835\ude00\ud835\uddf2\ud835\uddfb\ud835\ude01 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddfb\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\udddf\ud835\uddf2\u0301\ud835\uddfa\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddfb \ud835\uddf0\ud835\uddf5\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddfe\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddee\ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddf2\u0301\ud835\uddf2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Only 10% of the plastics discharged into Lake Geneva would be carried downstream by the Rh\u00f4ne at Geneva. This would therefore mean that \ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddee \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddf9\ud835\ude02\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddf4\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddff\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddee\ud835\ude00\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfe\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00 arriving in lake \ud835\ude06 \ud835\ude00\ud835\uddf2\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddf6\ud835\ude01 \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddf2\u0301\ud835\uddf4\ud835\uddf2\u0301\ud835\uddf2, the latter functioning as a settling basin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This raises many questions about the fate and distribution of the plastics that 'stagnate' in Lake Geneva. \ud835\udddc\ud835\uddf9\ud835\ude00 \ud835\ude00\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddff\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddfc\ud835\ude02\ud835\ude03\ud835\uddf2\ud835\uddfb\ud835\ude01 \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddff\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddfc\ud835\ude02\ud835\ude01, on the banks, on the surface of the water, at the bottom of the lake and in the sediment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Due to physico-chemical phenomena in the aquatic environment, the larger plastic elements break up into smaller ones, which can go as far as \ud835\uddf7\ud835\ude02\ud835\ude00\ud835\uddfe\ud835\ude02'\ud835\uddee\u0300 \ud835\uddf9'\ud835\uddf2\u0301\ud835\uddf0\ud835\uddf5\ud835\uddf2\ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\ude02 \ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddfa\ud835\uddf2\u0300\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddf2!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud835\udde4\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddf1 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddff\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfa\ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddf0\ud835\ude01\ud835\ude00 \ud835\ude00\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddff \ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddee \ud835\uddef\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf6\ud835\ude03\ud835\uddf2\ud835\uddff\ud835\ude00\ud835\uddf6\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf2\u0301 \ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddf0\ud835\ude02\ud835\ude00\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddf2? Currently this is a question that is still difficult to answer. However, an EPFL study demonstrated in 2014 that \ud835\udfed\ud835\udfec% \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddf6\ud835\ude00\ud835\ude00\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddfb\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\ude02 \ud835\udddf\ud835\uddf2\u0301\ud835\uddfa\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddfb \ud835\uddf0\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddfb\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf2\ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddf6\ud835\ude01 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\ude02 \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddee\ud835\ude00\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfe\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddfb\ud835\ude00 \ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddff \ud835\ude01\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddef\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddf4\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude00\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddf3, thus proving their presence in the lake food chain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The effects on humans following the ingestion of these micro\/nano-plastics are still poorly known, however, \ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfb\ud835\uddf0\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddf2\u0301\ud835\uddf0\ud835\uddee\ud835\ude02\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddfb \ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddf2\ud835\ude03\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddf6\ud835\ude01 \ud835\uddf2\u0302\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddee\ud835\uddf1\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddfd\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf2\u0301 in order to put in place solutions \ud835\ude03\ud835\uddf6\ud835\ude00\ud835\uddee\ud835\uddfb\ud835\ude01 \ud835\uddee\u0300 \ud835\uddff\ud835\uddf2\u0301\ud835\uddf1\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddff\ud835\uddf2 \ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddee \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddf9\ud835\ude02\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfc\ud835\uddfb \ud835\uddfd\ud835\uddf9\ud835\uddee\ud835\ude00\ud835\ude01\ud835\uddf6\ud835\uddfe\ud835\ude02\ud835\uddf2 before the impact on health is known.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\ud835\udc12\ud835\udc28\ud835\udc2e\ud835\udc2b\ud835\udc1c\ud835\udc1e\ud835\udc2c :<br>- <a href=\"https:\/\/dev.asleman.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/03\/110.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer nofollow\">L\u00e9manique n\u00b0110<\/a> \"Lake Geneva is not a toy\" 12\/2018<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"featured_media":5674,"template":"","mots-cles":[],"class_list":["post-5673","60_secondes","type-60_secondes","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"ase":null,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/asleman.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/60_secondes\/5673","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/asleman.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/60_secondes"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/asleman.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/60_secondes"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asleman.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5674"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/asleman.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5673"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"mots-cles","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/asleman.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/mots-cles?post=5673"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}